Charles Fort was constructed in the late 17th century on the site of an earlier coastal fortification. Charles Fort is a classic example of a star-shaped fort and has five bastions. The two seaward bastions, the Devil`s and the Charles` were for defending the harbor and both are casemated - that is, they have gun embrasures inside as well as on top of the walls.

The North, Flagstaff and the Cockpit, are the three landward bastions and all three had a brick sentry box at their outermost point, two of these still survive.

William Robinson, architect of the Royal Hospital in Kilmainham, Dublin, is credited with designing the Fort. Across the estuary is James Fort, an earlier structure, which was designed by Paul Ivy in 1602. In 1690 after the `Battle of the Boyne` the Williamite forces arrived at Kinsale and attacked both forts. Guided tours available. Restricted access for people with disabilities due to uneven terrain.

Kinsale used to be an important naval base and the fort was occupied by British troops until 1922, then it was handed over to the Irish Free State and promptly burnt down by the Irish Republican Army. At least an attempt was made - the strong walls of the fort proper were indestructible. Today parts of the fort have been restored and the historical exhibition illustrates the past. The long and strong walls are good for refreshing walks in the wind, with great views as a bonus. Do not miss the hidden sally port and the small lighthouse!